Beta-Caryophyllene Health Benefits !
- Beta-caryophyllene is a terpene with a spicy, woodsy smell. It’s found as one the main compounds in the Copaifera Multijulga Haynes (Copaiba Balsam Essential Oil).
- This terpene is a powerful anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antibacterial.
- Not only may beta-caryophyllene improve your mood, but it may also help prevent osteoporosis.
- Some research indicates that this terpene may help protect against certain neurodegenerative diseases and cancers.
- On top of its pain-relieving properties, studies have shown that beta-caryophyllene may even extend your lifespan!
- The unique aroma and properties of this terpene can be utilized as a food additive, in cosmetics, creams, toothpaste, and other commercial products.
What is Beta-Caryophyllene?
Beta-Caryophyllene is a chemical compound in the terpene family. Terpenes are common compounds found in plants that are responsible for distinct aromas and flavors in your favorite essential oils. Each one also produces specific health benefits. Chemical building blocks called isoprenes make up terpenes, and bicyclic sesquiterpenes, like this one, have three isoprene building block units.
We have Beta-Caryophyllene to thank for the woodsy smell of plants and oils like copaifera oil (Copaiba).
How Can Beta-Carylphyllene be used?
Due to its smell, taste, and ability to act as a dietary cannabinoid, studies suggest you can use beta-caryophyllene as a flavoring agent or food additive. On top of that, it can even be used in cosmetics, creams, toothpaste, and other commercial products to enhance their therapeutic effects. (2)
How the Health Benefits of Beta-Caryophyllene Work
See, your endocannabinoid system helps regulate various physiological and mental functions in your body. Two main cannabinoid receptors make this happen:
The CB1 and CB2 receptors.
Doctors say Beta-caryophyllene acts as a dietary cannabinoid because it binds to CB2 receptors to help provide therapeutic benefits for conditions like inflammation, pain, and osteoporosis (3).
Beta-Caryophyllene Has Anti-Inflammatory Properties
Scientists found beta-caryophyllene reduced inflammation in the brain and reduced chemicals that cause oxidative stress associated with inflammation (4). These anti-inflammatory properties may also help protect the brain from swelling and inflammation during a stroke to improve stroke outcomes. Plus, you can help protect your gut, as treatment with beta-caryophyllene helped reduce gut inflammation in mouse models (5).
Beta-Caryophyllene has Antibacterial & Antimicrobial Properties
Luckily, studies suggest beta-caryophyllene helps fight bacterial dental plaque build-up (6). This makes it a potential naturally-derived alternative to typical medications like chlorhexidine that often require a prescription.
Plus, it helped reduce microorganisms like Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, and E. coli - each of which can cause nasty infections and illness (7).
Beta-Caryophyllene May Improve Your Moods
That’s what the research suggests, anyway. In one study, mice treated with 50mg/kg of the terpene showed decreased numbers on tests measuring anxiety, depression, and compulsive activity (8). Harnessing this power for humankind offers exciting possibilities for natural alternatives to potentially addictive anxiolytics and antidepressants.
Beta-Caryophyllene May Help Prevent Osteoporosis
We’ve heard often enough about getting calcium and vitamin D to prevent diseases like osteoporosis that weaken the bones. But studies suggest β-caryophyllene may work as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The theory is that it accomplished that by increasing the building (mineralization) of stronger bones while decreasing their breakdown (adipogenesis and osteoclastogenesis) (9).
The results are promising for beta-caryophyllene as an ingredient to potentially help prevent reduced bone density.
Beta-Caryophyllene May Protect Against Diseases like Cancer, Alzheimer's Disease, and Multiple Sclerosis
Cancer, Alzheimer’s, and Multiple Sclerosis are some of the most confusing, frustrating, and heartbreaking conditions to suffer from.
However, studies suggest beta-Caryophyllene reduces inflammation associated with multiple sclerosis and immune system dysfunctions (10). It also shows potent anti-cancer properties, slowing cancer cell growth (11). Beta-Caryophyllene reduces the inflammatory and plaque buildup associated with the PPAR pathway in Alzheimer's disease (12).
Beta-Caryophyllene May Relieve Pain
Studies show this terpene may help provide reduce pain relating to the nervous system (13). Plus, beta-caryophyllene helps provide topical pain relief in creams and ointments because it acts as a local anesthetic (14).
Beta-caryophyllene may help relieve pain by releasing the same endorphins morphine does (15). This enhances the effects of morphine, potentially allowing for treatments using lower doses of the opioid.
Beta-Caryophyllene Could Extend Your Lifespan
Scientists tested Beta-Caryophyllene on a mouse model system made of worms and saw it increased the worms' lifespans by over 22% (16). The study suggests this terp reduces free radical levels, maintains cellular homeostasis, modulates feeding behavior, and regulates body size effectively to increase longevity.
PotentialBeta-Caryophyllene Side Effects
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers Beta-Caryophyllene safe for consumption, even at high doses (17). Like many natural compounds, it may be a mild skin irritant if used improperly or for those who are allergic or have sensitive skin. Follow the instructions and you’re good to go.
2 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18574142/ - Gertsch J, Leonti M, Raduner S, et al. Beta-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(26):9099-9104. doi:10.1073/pnas.0803601105
3 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18574142/ - Gertsch J, Leonti M, Raduner S, et al. Beta-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(26):9099-9104. doi:10.1073/pnas.0803601105
5 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17188718/ - Cho JY, Chang HJ, Lee SK, Kim HJ, Hwang JK, Chun HS. Amelioration of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by oral administration of beta-caryophyllene, a sesquiterpene. Life Sci. 2007;80(10):932-939. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.11.038
6 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27716286/ - Pieri FA, Souza MC, Vermelho LL, et al. Use of β-caryophyllene to combat bacterial dental plaque formation in dogs. BMC Vet Res. 2016;12(1):216. Published 2016 Oct 1. doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0842-1
7 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5206475/ - Swamy MK, Akhtar MS, Sinniah UR. Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Essential Oils against Human Pathogens and Their Mode of Action: An Updated Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:3012462. doi:10.1155/2016/3012462
8 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24930711/ - Bahi A, Al Mansouri S, Al Memari E, Al Ameri M, Nurulain SM, Ojha S. β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 receptor agonist produces multiple behavioral changes relevant to anxiety and depression in mice. Physiol Behav. 2014;135:119-124. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.06.003
9 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5228512/ - Yamaguchi M, Levy RM. β-Caryophyllene promotes osteoblastic mineralization, and suppresses osteoclastogenesis and adipogenesis in mouse bone marrow cultures in vitro. Exp Ther Med. 2016;12(6):3602-3606. doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3818
10 - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/8/12814/htm - Copaiba Oil Suppresses Inflammatory Cytokines in Splenocytes of C57Bl/6 Mice Induced with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE)
by Débora S. Dias 1,Lívia B. A. Fontes 1,3,Antônio E. M. Crotti 2,Beatriz J. V. Aarestrup 3,Fernando M. Aarestrup 3,Ademar A. Da Silva Filho 1,* andJosé O. A. Corrêa 1,*1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil 2 Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil 3 Laboratory of Experimental Imunology and Patology, CBR, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus Universitário, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
11 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5083753/ - Fidyt K, Fiedorowicz A, Strządała L, Szumny A. β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties. Cancer Med. 2016;5(10):3007-3017. doi:10.1002/cam4.816
12 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25171128/ - Cheng Y, Dong Z, Liu S. β-Caryophyllene ameliorates the Alzheimer-like phenotype in APP/PS1 Mice through CB2 receptor activation and the PPARγ pathway. Pharmacology. 2014;94(1-2):1-12. doi:10.1159/000362689
13 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24210682/ - Klauke AL, Racz I, Pradier B, et al. The cannabinoid CB₂ receptor-selective phytocannabinoid beta-caryophyllene exerts analgesic effects in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;24(4):608-620. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.10.008
14 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11482764/ - Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, Bartolini A. Local anaesthetic activity of beta-caryophyllene. Farmaco. 2001;56(5-7):387-389. doi:10.1016/s0014-827x(01)01092-8
15 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23138934/ - Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H, et al. Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception. Eur J Pain. 2013;17(5):664-675. doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00242.x
16 - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24835194/ - Pant A, Mishra V, Saikia SK, et al. Beta-caryophyllene modulates expression of stress response genes and mediates longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans [published correction appears in Exp Gerontol. 2016 Dec 1;85:128]. Exp Gerontol. 2014;57:81-95. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2014.05.007
17 - https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?FR=172.515 -
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